{"id":297,"date":"2026-10-08T05:23:50","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T05:23:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adesman.ro\/?p=297"},"modified":"2026-10-08T08:28:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T08:28:19","slug":"proiecte-bess-romania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adesman.ro\/zh\/proiecte-bess-romania\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f57\u9a6c\u5c3c\u4e9aBESS\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u8bb8\u53ef\u3001\u5e76\u7f51\u53ca\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c3d\u804c\u8c03\u67e5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f57\u9a6c\u5c3c\u4e9aBESS\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u8bb8\u53ef\u3001\u5e76\u7f51\u53ca\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c3d\u804c\u8c03\u67e5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">\u00cen ultimii ani, proiecte BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia au devenit tot mai relevante pentru investi\u021biile \u00een <a href=\"https:\/\/adesman.ro\/zh\/%e8%83%bd%e6%ba%90%e6%b3%95\/\" target=\"_self\">sectorul energetic<\/a>. Sistemele de stocare a energiei \u00een baterii \u2013 Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) \u2013 contribuie la flexibilitatea sistemului electroenergetic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cre\u0219terea capacit\u0103\u021bilor de producere din surse regenerabile, limit\u0103rile re\u021belei \u0219i necesitatea unei flexibilit\u0103\u021bi sporite a sistemului energetic creeaz\u0103 oportunit\u0103\u021bi importante pentru dezvoltarea proiectelor de stocare, at\u00e2t ca proiecte independente (stand-alone BESS), c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een asociere cu capacit\u0103\u021bi de producere, \u00een special fotovoltaice \u0219i eoliene (co-located BESS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Din perspectiv\u0103 juridic\u0103 \u00eens\u0103, existen\u021ba unui teren \u0219i a unei configura\u021bii tehnice nu este suficient\u0103 pentru ca un proiect BESS s\u0103 fie considerat apt pentru dezvoltare sau preg\u0103tit pentru construc\u021bie (ready-to-build).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Viabilitatea juridic\u0103 a unui proiect depinde de corelarea mai multor elemente: drepturile asupra terenului \u0219i accesul la acesta, regimul urbanistic, racordarea la re\u021beaua electric\u0103, capacitatea de absorb\u021bie din re\u021bea \u0219i de injec\u021bie \u00een re\u021bea (regim bidirec\u021bional), autoriza\u021biile ANRE, cerin\u021bele tehnice, de mediu \u0219i de securitate la incendiu, precum \u0219i modelul concret de operare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru investitorii care achizi\u021bioneaz\u0103 proiecte aflate \u00een dezvoltare, \u00eentrebarea esen\u021bial\u0103 nu este, prin urmare, numai ce documente de\u021bine proiectul, ci mai ales dac\u0103 acestea permit construirea \u0219i exploatarea BESS \u00een configura\u021bia tehnic\u0103 \u0219i comercial\u0103 avut\u0103 \u00een vedere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Terenul \u0219i amplasamentul proiectului BESS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Primul nivel al analizei prive\u0219te drepturile asupra terenului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Investitorul trebuie s\u0103 verifice nu doar existen\u021ba unui titlu asupra terenului \u2013 drept de proprietate, superficie, concesiune sau un alt drept real \u2013, ci \u0219i dac\u0103 durata, \u00eentinderea \u0219i con\u021binutul acestuia sunt suficiente pentru dezvoltarea, construirea \u0219i exploatarea proiectului, inclusiv pentru asigurarea accesului \u0219i a traseului liniilor de racordare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">O aten\u021bie distinct\u0103 trebuie acordat\u0103 <a href=\"https:\/\/adesman.ro\/zh\/%e5%8f%af%e5%86%8d%e7%94%9f%e8%83%bd%e6%ba%90%e6%8a%95%e8%b5%84\/\" target=\"_self\">terenurilor agricole situate \u00een extravilan<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Poate fi amplasat un BESS pe un teren agricol extravilan?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">\u00cen anumite condi\u021bii, da. <a href=\"https:\/\/legislatie.just.ro\/Public\/DetaliiDocument\/1461\" target=\"_self\">Legea fondului funciar nr. 18\/1991<\/a> include expres unit\u0103\u021bile de stocare a electricit\u0103\u021bii \u00eentre obiectivele care pot fi amplasate pe terenurile agricole situate \u00een extravilan. Acestea apar \u00een categoria investi\u021biilor specifice producerii de energie electric\u0103 din surse regenerabile, al\u0103turi de capacit\u0103\u021bile de produc\u021bie solare, eoliene, pe baz\u0103 de biomas\u0103, biolichide \u0219i biogaz, de sta\u021biile de transformare \u0219i de alte sisteme similare, \u00een limita unei suprafe\u021be de maximum 50 ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regimul general prev\u0103zut de art. 92 alin. (2) lit. j) din Legea fondului funciar nr. 18\/1991 trebuie \u00eens\u0103 analizat inclusiv \u00een raport cu categoria \u0219i clasa terenului, suprafa\u021ba proiectului \u0219i procedura de scoatere din circuitul agricol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00centr-un proces de due diligence trebuie verificate, printre altele, titlul asupra terenului \u0219i \u00eenscrierea acestuia \u00een registrul de carte funciar\u0103, sarcinile \u0219i eventualele litigii, durata drepturilor constituite, accesul la teren, servitu\u021bile necesare amplas\u0103rii cablurilor \u0219i infrastructurii de racordare, precum \u0219i compatibilitatea dintre situa\u021bia cadastral\u0103 \u0219i urbanistic\u0103 \u0219i configura\u021bia tehnic\u0103 a proiectului. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Racordarea proiectelor BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia la re\u021beaua electric\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru multe proiecte BESS, racordarea la re\u021bea reprezint\u0103 unul dintre principalele elemente care determin\u0103 valoarea proiectului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Particularitatea unui sistem de stocare, spre deosebire de o capacitate de produc\u021bie, este c\u0103 acesta poate func\u021biona at\u00e2t prin absorb\u021bia energiei electrice din re\u021bea, c\u00e2t \u0219i prin injectarea energiei \u00een re\u021bea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Din acest motiv, simpla existen\u021b\u0103 a unui aviz tehnic de racordare (ATR) sau a unui contract de racordare nu este suficient\u0103 pentru evaluarea juridic\u0103 a proiectului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trebuie analizat exact ce permite solu\u021bia de racordare aprobat\u0103: puterea aprobat\u0103 pentru absorb\u021bie \u0219i pentru injec\u021bie, punctul de racordare \u0219i nivelul de tensiune, lucr\u0103rile de \u00eent\u0103rire a re\u021belei care ar fi necesare \u0219i cine suport\u0103 costurile acestora \u2013 utilizatorul sau operatorul \u2013, eventualele condi\u021bii sau limit\u0103ri tehnice impuse, precum \u0219i calendarul implement\u0103rii acestora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru un investitor care cump\u0103r\u0103 un proiect BESS, orice diferen\u021b\u0103 dintre capacitatea prezentat\u0103 comercial \u0219i capacitatea efectiv permis\u0103 prin documenta\u021bia de racordare poate avea consecin\u021be directe asupra valorii investi\u021biei. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Capacitatea re\u021belei \u0219i riscul de dezvoltare<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen contextul cre\u0219terii accelerate a num\u0103rului de proiecte energetice care solicit\u0103 racordarea la re\u021bea, accesul efectiv la re\u021bea a devenit una dintre componentele centrale ale riscului de dezvoltare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un proiect poate dispune de teren, de o structur\u0103 corporativ\u0103 \u0219i chiar de o parte important\u0103 din autoriza\u021bii, f\u0103r\u0103 ca acestea s\u0103 garanteze c\u0103 proiectul poate fi realizat \u0219i exploatat la capacitatea economic\u0103 avut\u0103 \u00een vedere de investitor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De aceea, analiza juridic\u0103 a racord\u0103rii trebuie realizat\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu analiza tehnic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00centr-o tranzac\u021bie privind un proiect BESS, documenta\u021bia de racordare nu ar trebui tratat\u0103 ca un simplu element din checklist, ci ca unul dintre documentele care definesc \u00eensu\u0219i obiectul achizi\u021biei. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Urbanismul \u0219i autorizarea construirii<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dezvoltarea unui BESS presupune \u0219i parcurgerea procedurilor aplicabile \u00een materia urbanismului \u0219i autoriz\u0103rii lucr\u0103rilor de construire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Este suficient\u0103 autoriza\u021bia de construire pentru ca un proiect BESS s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi exploatat?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu. Autoriza\u021bia de construire reprezint\u0103 doar o etap\u0103 a procesului de autorizare. Aceasta permite executarea lucr\u0103rilor, dar nu \u0219i exploatarea comercial\u0103 a instala\u021biei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru intrarea efectiv\u0103 \u00een exploatare mai sunt necesare, dup\u0103 caz: recep\u021bia la terminarea lucr\u0103rilor \u0219i intabularea \u00een cartea funciar\u0103, punerea sub tensiune \u0219i certificatul de racordare, precum \u0219i autoriza\u021biile \u0219i licen\u021bele emise de ANRE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen func\u021bie de caracteristicile proiectului \u0219i ale amplasamentului trebuie corelate certificatul de urbanism, avizele \u0219i acordurile solicitate prin acesta, regimul terenului, documenta\u021bia tehnic\u0103, autoriza\u021bia de construire \u0219i celelalte aprob\u0103ri sectoriale aplicabile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen cadrul due diligence trebuie verificat inclusiv dac\u0103 autoriza\u021biile ob\u021binute corespund configura\u021biei BESS care urmeaz\u0103 efectiv s\u0103 fie construit\u0103. Orice modificare ulterioar\u0103 privind puterea instalat\u0103, tehnologia utilizat\u0103, amplasarea echipamentelor sau a infrastructurii de racordare poate impune actualizarea ori reluarea procedurilor de autorizare. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Autoriza\u021bia de \u00eenfiin\u021bare \u0219i licen\u021bierea ANRE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/legislatie.just.ro\/Public\/DetaliiDocument\/307058\" target=\"_self\">Legea energiei electrice \u0219i a gazelor naturale nr. 123\/2012<\/a> trateaz\u0103 expres instala\u021biile de stocare \u00een cadrul regimului de autorizare \u0219i licen\u021biere din sectorul energiei electrice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Este necesar\u0103 autoriza\u021bia de \u00eenfiin\u021bare ANRE pentru un proiect BESS?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru realizarea unei instala\u021bii noi de stocare, dac\u0103 puterea electric\u0103 maximal debitat\u0103 \u00een re\u021bea dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 1 MW, legea impune ob\u021binerea autoriza\u021biei de \u00eenfiin\u021bare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Pentru capacit\u0103\u021bile de cel mult 1 MW, autoriza\u021bia de \u00eenfiin\u021bare nu este necesar\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 exist\u0103 obliga\u021bii de notificare a <a href=\"https:\/\/anre.ro\/\" target=\"_self\">ANRE<\/a> \u0219i de raportare periodic\u0103, potrivit reglement\u0103rilor aplicabile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Separat, Legea nr. 123\/2012 include \u00eentre activit\u0103\u021bile licen\u021biate de ANRE exploatarea comercial\u0103 a instala\u021biilor de stocare \u0219i distinge \u00eentre instala\u021biile asociate capacit\u0103\u021bilor de producere \u0219i celelalte instala\u021bii de stocare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceast\u0103 distinc\u021bie devine relevant\u0103 inclusiv pentru diferen\u021ba dintre un BESS stand-alone \u0219i un sistem de stocare integrat \u00eentr-un proiect de producere existent. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. Punerea \u00een func\u021biune \u0219i conformitatea tehnic\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finalizarea lucr\u0103rilor de construc\u021bie nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 automat c\u0103 instala\u021bia poate \u00eencepe exploatarea comercial\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Punerea \u00een func\u021biune presupune corelarea documenta\u021biei de construire cu cerin\u021bele tehnice aplicabile racord\u0103rii \u0219i func\u021bion\u0103rii instala\u021biei \u00een sistemul electroenergetic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru investitor, este important ca procesul de due diligence s\u0103 disting\u0103 \u00eentre:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>puterea instalat\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>puterea autorizat\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>capacitatea de stocare (MWh) \u0219i durata de desc\u0103rcare;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>puterea aprobat\u0103 pentru absorb\u021bie din re\u021bea;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>puterea aprobat\u0103 pentru injec\u021bie \u00een re\u021bea; \u0219i<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>puterea \u0219i energia care pot fi efectiv valorificate comercial.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceste valori nu trebuie presupuse ca fiind automat identice. Orice neconcordan\u021b\u0103 \u00eentre ele trebuie identificat\u0103 \u0219i evaluat\u0103 din perspectiva impactului asupra veniturilor proiectului. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. Mediu \u0219i securitate la incendiu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BESS prezint\u0103 un profil tehnic diferit de cel al unui parc fotovoltaic sau eolian, inclusiv din perspectiva riscului asociat bateriilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 impactul obi\u0219nuit al unei construc\u021bii energetice, exist\u0103 riscuri specifice bateriilor: propagarea\/instabilitatea termic\u0103 \u0219i propagarea incendiului \u00eentre module sau containere, emisia de gaze toxice \u00een caz de incendiu, posibila contaminare a solului \u0219i a apelor cu electrolit sau cu apa folosit\u0103 la stingere, precum \u0219i zgomotul generat de sistemele de r\u0103cire \u0219i de invertoare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Necesitatea \u0219i \u00eentinderea procedurilor de mediu trebuie stabilite \u00een func\u021bie de caracteristicile concrete ale proiectului \u0219i ale amplasamentului: puterea \u0219i capacitatea de stocare, suprafa\u021ba ocupat\u0103, vecin\u0103tatea zonelor locuite sau a ariilor naturale protejate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Din perspectiva tranzac\u021biei, trebuie verificat dac\u0103 actul emis de autoritatea de mediu corespunde configura\u021biei actuale a proiectului \u0219i dac\u0103 impune condi\u021bii care afecteaz\u0103 construirea sau exploatarea, cum ar fi m\u0103suri de colectare a apelor, monitorizare sau limite de zgomot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen mod similar, cerin\u021bele privind securitatea la incendiu trebuie analizate prin raportare la tehnologia bateriilor, la configura\u021bia \u0219i amplasarea containerelor, la distan\u021bele de siguran\u021b\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de vecin\u0103t\u0103\u021bi \u0219i \u00eentre echipamente, la c\u0103ile de acces pentru interven\u021bie \u0219i la sursele de ap\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Din perspectiva unei tranzac\u021bii, aceste elemente nu trebuie am\u00e2nate automat p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een etapa de construc\u021bie. O configura\u021bie tehnic\u0103 incompatibil\u0103 cu cerin\u021bele aplicabile poate afecta suprafa\u021ba utilizabil\u0103, layout-ul proiectului \u0219i, \u00een final, poate limita puterea \u0219i capacitatea de stocare care pot fi instalate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru investitor, un layout care nu a fost testat din aceast\u0103 perspectiv\u0103 reprezint\u0103 un risc de reducere a capacit\u0103\u021bii, nu doar o formalitate administrativ\u0103. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8. Stand-alone BESS versus co-located BESS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Diferen\u021ba dintre cele dou\u0103 modele are consecin\u021be juridice directe asupra autoriz\u0103rii, racord\u0103rii \u0219i structur\u0103rii tranzac\u021biei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un stand-alone BESS este dezvoltat ca instala\u021bie de stocare independent\u0103, cu propriul teren, propriul loc de racordare \u0219i propriul regim de autorizare, licen\u021biere \u0219i operare. Avantajul este autonomia: proiectul poate fi tranzac\u021bionat, finan\u021bat \u0219i exploatat separat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un co-located BESS este amplasat \u00eempreun\u0103 cu o capacitate de producere \u2013 de exemplu, un parc fotovoltaic \u2013 \u0219i poate utiliza integral sau par\u021bial infrastructura existent\u0103: terenul, c\u0103ile de acces, sta\u021bia de transformare \u0219i punctul de racordare. Modelul poate reduce costurile \u0219i termenele, dar mut\u0103 complexitatea \u00een zona corel\u0103rii cu documenta\u021bia existent\u0103 a proiectului de producere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen al doilea caz, analiza trebuie s\u0103 stabileasc\u0103 dac\u0103 ad\u0103ugarea sistemului de stocare este compatibil\u0103 cu drepturile \u0219i autoriza\u021biile existente \u0219i ce modific\u0103ri sunt necesare \u00een documenta\u021bia de racordare, autorizare \u0219i licen\u021biere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Faptul c\u0103 un parc fotovoltaic este deja autorizat sau racordat nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 automat c\u0103 un BESS poate fi ad\u0103ugat f\u0103r\u0103 modificarea documenta\u021biei existente. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. C\u00e2nd este realmente un proiect BESS \u201eready-to-build\u201d?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No\u021biunea de ready-to-build (RTB) este frecvent utilizat\u0103 \u00een tranzac\u021biile din sectorul energetic, dar nu trebuie tratat\u0103 exclusiv ca o etichet\u0103 comercial\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Din perspectiv\u0103 juridic\u0103, un proiect poate fi considerat preg\u0103tit pentru construc\u021bie numai dac\u0103 toate documentele \u0219i drepturile necesare au fost ob\u021binute \u0219i verificate cumulativ, prin raportare la configura\u021bia concret\u0103 care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie construit\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen cazul unui BESS, aceasta presupune \u00een special verificarea:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>drepturilor asupra terenului \u0219i accesului, a opozabilit\u0103\u021bii acestora prin \u00eenscrierea \u00een registrul de carte funciar\u0103 \u0219i a duratei lor;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>regimului urbanistic \u0219i a autoriza\u021biei de construire \u00een termen de valabilitate;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>situa\u021biei racord\u0103rii, prin ATR \u0219i contract de racordare \u00een vigoare, cu putere aprobat\u0103 at\u00e2t pentru absorb\u021bie, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru injec\u021bie;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>autoriza\u021biei de \u00eenfiin\u021bare ANRE;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>actului emis de autoritatea de mediu \u0219i a cerin\u021belor de securitate la incendiu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>concordan\u021bei dintre documenta\u021bia juridic\u0103 \u0219i configura\u021bia tehnic\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>eventualelor condi\u021bii suspensive, termene de valabilitate sau riscuri care pot afecta implementarea, inclusiv eventualele litigii \u0219i contesta\u021bii.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prin urmare, \u00eentr-o tranzac\u021bie, RTB ar trebui definit contractual, nu doar men\u021bionat. F\u0103r\u0103 o astfel de defini\u021bie, \u201eRTB\u201d r\u0103m\u00e2ne o declara\u021bie comercial\u0103 a v\u00e2nz\u0103torului, iar riscul diferen\u021belor dintre ceea ce s-a promis \u0219i ceea ce permite efectiv documenta\u021bia este transferat cump\u0103r\u0103torului. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10. Due diligence la achizi\u021bia unui proiect BESS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ce ar trebui verificat \u00eenainte de achizi\u021bia unui proiect BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Due diligence-ul trebuie s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 unei \u00eentreb\u0103ri mai ample dec\u00e2t aceea dac\u0103 societatea-proiect de\u021bine anumite documente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Investitorul trebuie s\u0103 poat\u0103 stabili dac\u0103 proiectul achizi\u021bionat poate fi construit, racordat \u0219i exploatat \u00een parametrii economici care au stat la baza deciziei de investi\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Analiza ar trebui s\u0103 acopere cel pu\u021bin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Aspectele societare<\/strong> \u2013 structura societ\u0103\u021bii-proiect (SPV), capitalul social, ac\u021bionariatul, contractele \u00een curs de derulare \u0219i eventualele sarcini asupra p\u0103r\u021bilor sociale sau a bunurilor societ\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Terenul<\/strong> \u2013 titlul, durata drepturilor, sarcinile, accesul \u0219i servitu\u021bile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Racordarea la re\u021bea<\/strong> \u2013 ATR-ul \u0219i celelalte documente de racordare, puterile aprobate pentru absorb\u021bie \u0219i injec\u021bie, lucr\u0103rile de \u00eent\u0103rire eventual necesare \u0219i termenele de realizare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Autorizarea<\/strong> \u2013 documenta\u021biile de urbanism, autoriza\u021bia de construire, actele de mediu \u0219i celelalte avize relevante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Regimul ANRE<\/strong> \u2013 autoriza\u021bia de \u00eenfiin\u021bare, notific\u0103rile \u0219i licen\u021bele aplicabile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Concordan\u021ba tehnico-juridic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 concordan\u021ba dintre configura\u021bia tehnic\u0103 prezentat\u0103 investitorului \u0219i cea efectiv autorizat\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Contractele proiectului<\/strong> \u2013 contractul de proiectare, achizi\u021bie \u0219i execu\u021bie la cheie (EPC), contractul de furnizare a echipamentelor, contractul de operare \u0219i mentenan\u021b\u0103 (O&amp;M), contractul de racordare \u0219i alte contracte esen\u021biale, atunci c\u00e2nd exist\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru proiectele achizi\u021bionate \u00eenainte de atingerea stadiului RTB, contractul de v\u00e2nzare ar trebui s\u0103 aloce expres riscurile de dezvoltare \u0219i s\u0103 defineasc\u0103 precis etapele de dezvoltare (milestone-urile) de care depind plata pre\u021bului sau transferul economic al proiectului. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Concluzii<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pia\u021ba BESS din Rom\u00e2nia ofer\u0103 oportunit\u0103\u021bi semnificative, dar valoarea unui proiect de stocare nu poate fi evaluat\u0103 exclusiv prin puterea \u0219i capacitatea sa de stocare nominale, exprimate \u00een MW\/MWh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru investitor, valoarea real\u0103 a proiectului depinde de m\u0103sura \u00een care drepturile asupra terenului, solu\u021bia de racordare, autoriza\u021biile ob\u021binute \u0219i configura\u021bia tehnic\u0103 se sus\u021bin reciproc \u0219i permit exploatarea comercial\u0103 efectiv\u0103 a instala\u021biei. Aceasta din urm\u0103 include accesul la pie\u021bele de energie \u0219i la serviciile de sistem care fundamenteaz\u0103 veniturile proiectului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen special \u00een tranzac\u021biile privind proiecte aflate \u00een dezvoltare, diferen\u021ba dintre un proiect prezentat comercial drept \u201epreg\u0103tit pentru construc\u021bie\u201d (ready-to-build \/ RTB) \u0219i unul care este realmente construibil, racordat \u0219i exploatabil \u00een configura\u021bia promis\u0103 poate deveni una dintre principalele surse de risc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Din acest motiv, analiza juridic\u0103 trebuie \u00eenceput\u0103 suficient de devreme pentru ca eventualele neconcordan\u021be s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi reflectate \u00een structura tranzac\u021biei, \u00een condi\u021biile suspensive, \u00een mecanismul de pre\u021b, \u00een declara\u021biile \u0219i garan\u021biile v\u00e2nz\u0103torului \u0219i \u00een obliga\u021biile de desp\u0103gubire. Text lipit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Poate fi construit un BESS pe teren agricol extravilan \u00een Rom\u00e2nia?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da, \u00een anumite condi\u021bii. Legea fondului funciar nr. 18\/1991 include expres unit\u0103\u021bile de stocare a electricit\u0103\u021bii printre obiectivele care pot fi amplasate pe terenuri agricole din extravilan, \u00eens\u0103 trebuie analizate categoria de folosin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i clasa de calitate a terenului, suprafa\u021ba ocupat\u0103 \u0219i procedurile privind scoaterea din circuitul agricol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Este necesar un ATR pentru un proiect BESS?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da. Ca orice instala\u021bie care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie racordat\u0103 la re\u021beaua electric\u0103, un BESS necesit\u0103 un aviz tehnic de racordare (ATR), emis de operatorul de re\u021bea relevant. ATR-ul este urmat de \u00eencheierea contractului de racordare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen cazul unui BESS co-locat cu o capacitate de producere existent\u0103, este, de regul\u0103, necesar\u0103 actualizarea ATR-ului existent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Este necesar\u0103 autoriza\u021bie ANRE?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da, pentru instala\u021biile de stocare noi a c\u0103ror putere electric\u0103 maximal debitat\u0103 \u00een re\u021bea dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 1 MW, Legea energiei electrice \u0219i a gazelor naturale nr. 123\/2012 impune ob\u021binerea prealabil\u0103 a autoriza\u021biei de \u00eenfiin\u021bare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru instala\u021biile de cel mult 1 MW, autoriza\u021bia nu este necesar\u0103, dar este obligatorie notificarea ANRE privind proiectul investi\u021bional \u0219i raportarea periodic\u0103 a stadiului realiz\u0103rii acestuia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Un BESS are nevoie de licen\u021b\u0103 pentru exploatare comercial\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da, ca regul\u0103. Legea energiei electrice \u0219i a gazelor naturale nr. 123\/2012 supune stocarea energiei regimului de licen\u021biere \u0219i prevede dou\u0103 situa\u021bii:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">(i) <strong>BESS ad\u0103ugat unei capacit\u0103\u021bi de producere (co-locat):<\/strong> exploatarea comercial\u0103 a instala\u021biei de stocare este acoperit\u0103 de licen\u021ba capacit\u0103\u021bii de producere c\u0103reia \u00eei este ad\u0103ugat\u0103; \u0219i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">(ii) <strong>BESS independent (stand-alone):<\/strong> este necesar\u0103 o licen\u021b\u0103 distinct\u0103 pentru exploatarea comercial\u0103 a instala\u021biilor de stocare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prin excep\u021bie, nu este necesar\u0103 licen\u021b\u0103 pentru capacit\u0103\u021bile de producere \u0219i\/sau instala\u021biile de stocare cu o putere electric\u0103 total\u0103 mai mic\u0103 de 1 MW. Titularii acestora au \u00eens\u0103 acelea\u0219i obliga\u021bii de respectare a reglement\u0103rilor ANRE ca un titular de licen\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Care este diferen\u021ba dintre stand-alone \u0219i co-located BESS?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un BESS independent este o instala\u021bie de stocare racordat\u0103 direct la re\u021bea, cu propriul punct de racordare \u0219i propriul regim de autorizare \u0219i licen\u021biere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un BESS co-locat este ad\u0103ugat unei capacit\u0103\u021bi de producere, de regul\u0103 un parc fotovoltaic sau eolian, \u0219i utilizeaz\u0103 integral sau par\u021bial infrastructura acesteia: terenul, sta\u021bia de transformare \u0219i punctul de racordare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Diferen\u021ba poate influen\u021ba racordarea, autorizarea \u0219i licen\u021bierea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ce trebuie verificat la cump\u0103rarea unui proiect BESS?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Verificarea trebuie s\u0103 stabileasc\u0103 dac\u0103 proiectul poate fi construit, racordat \u0219i exploatat \u00een parametrii care au fundamentat pre\u021bul. Analiza vizeaz\u0103 \u00een principal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>structura societ\u0103\u021bii-proiect \u0219i eventualele sarcini;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>drepturile asupra terenului, accesul \u0219i servitu\u021bile;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>racordarea, inclusiv puterile aprobate pentru absorb\u021bie \u0219i injec\u021bie;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>autoriza\u021biile de urbanism \u0219i construire, actul de mediu \u0219i securitatea la incendiu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>regimul ANRE, respectiv autoriza\u021bia de \u00eenfiin\u021bare \u0219i licen\u021ba;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>contractele proiectului;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>termenele de valabilitate, condi\u021biile impuse \u0219i eventualele litigii;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>concordan\u021ba dintre puterea \u0219i capacitatea de stocare prezentate comercial \u0219i cele efectiv autorizate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201epreg\u0103tit pentru construc\u021bie\u201d (ready-to-build \/ RTB) pentru un proiect BESS?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen practic\u0103, un proiect este considerat preg\u0103tit pentru construc\u021bie atunci c\u00e2nd dispune de toate drepturile \u0219i autoriza\u021biile necesare pentru \u00eenceperea lucr\u0103rilor: drepturi valabile asupra terenului, ATR \u0219i contract de racordare, autoriza\u021bie de construire \u0219i, dup\u0103 caz, autoriza\u021bia de \u00eenfiin\u021bare ANRE. Toate acestea trebuie s\u0103 corespund\u0103 configura\u021biei care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 fie construit\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No\u021biunea nu are \u00eens\u0103 o defini\u021bie legal\u0103. De aceea, \u00eentr-o tranzac\u021bie, stadiul RTB trebuie definit contractual, prin lista documentelor, drepturilor \u0219i etapelor concrete pe care proiectul trebuie s\u0103 le \u00eendeplineasc\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Este suficient\u0103 capacitatea exprimat\u0103 \u00een MW\/MWh pentru evaluarea proiectului?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu. Valorile nominale arat\u0103 doar dimensiunea proiectului, nu \u0219i ceea ce poate fi efectiv construit \u0219i exploatat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trebuie analizate puterile aprobate prin documenta\u021bia de racordare pentru absorb\u021bie \u0219i injec\u021bie, autoriza\u021biile ob\u021binute \u0219i concordan\u021ba lor cu configura\u021bia tehnic\u0103, precum \u0219i posibilitatea exploat\u0103rii comerciale efective \u00een parametrii economici care au fundamentat investi\u021bia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Adesman &amp; Asocia\u021bii asist\u0103 investitori \u0219i dezvoltatori \u00een proiecte de energie regenerabil\u0103 \u0219i stocare a energiei, inclusiv \u00een procese de dezvoltare, racordare \u0219i autorizare, precum \u0219i \u00een opera\u021biuni de due diligence \u0219i tranzac\u021bii privind proiecte energetice.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Pentru informa\u021bii suplimentare privind activitatea \u0219i serviciile noastre juridice, pute\u021bi consulta <a href=\"https:\/\/adesman.ro\/zh\/%e8%81%94%e7%b3%bb%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f\/\" target=\"_self\">pagina de contact<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Materialul are caracter exclusiv informativ \u0219i general \u0219i nu reprezint\u0103 consultan\u021b\u0103 juridic\u0103 cu privire la un anumit proiect sau o anumit\u0103 tranzac\u021bie. Regimul juridic aplicabil trebuie analizat \u00een func\u021bie de caracteristicile concrete ale fiec\u0103rui proiect \u0219i de legisla\u021bia \u00een vigoare la data analizei, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 legisla\u021bia \u0219i practica autorit\u0103\u021bilor din sectorul energetic sunt \u00een continu\u0103 evolu\u021bie<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Proiecte BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia: autorizare, racordare la re\u021bea \u0219i due diligence pentru investitori \u00cen ultimii ani, proiecte BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia au devenit tot mai relevante pentru<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":298,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[44,39,42,43,40,45,38,46,41],"class_list":["post-297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energie","tag-anre","tag-bess","tag-dreptul-energiei","tag-due-diligence","tag-energie-regenerabila","tag-investitii-energetice","tag-proiecte-energetice","tag-racordare-la-retea","tag-stocarea-energiei"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Proiecte BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia | Autorizare \u0219i Racordare<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Proiecte BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia: terenuri, racordare la re\u021bea, autorizare ANRE, licen\u021biere, ready-to-build \u0219i due diligence pentru investitori.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adesman.ro\/zh\/proiecte-bess-romania\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Proiecte BESS \u00een Rom\u00e2nia: autorizare \u0219i investi\u021bii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ce trebuie verificat \u00eenainte de achizi\u021bia unui proiect BESS? 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